Pope Leo XIV in a message to the Order of Malta underlined the order’s religious character, stressing that without evangelization, the knights’ service to the poor is merely philanthropy.

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“Do not limit yourself to helping the needs of the poor, but announce to them the love of God with words and testimony. If this were to be lacking, the order would lose its religious character and would be reduced to being an organization with philanthropic purposes,” Leo wrote in a message to the order on the feast of its patron saint, St. John the Baptist.

The pope also met for the first time with the order’s grand master, Fra’ John Dunlap, at the Vatican on June 23.

In his June 24 message, Leo pointed multiple times to the order’s important dual purpose of “tuitio fidei and obsequium pauperum.” (Latin for “protection of faith” and “service to the poor.”)

The Sovereign Military Order of Malta is both a lay religious order of the Catholic Church and a sovereign state subject to international law.

The order adopted a new constitution in 2022, after a long reform process, initiated by Pope Francis in 2017 and fraught by concerns of threat to the group’s sovereignty.

Pope Leo addressed the Order of Malta’s “path of renewal,” stressing that it “cannot be simply institutional, normative: It must first of all be interior, spiritual, because this gives meaning to changes in the rules.”

He supported changes to the order’s constitutional charter and law as “necessary, as several things needed to be clarified, especially the nature of the religious order.”

The Holy Father’s message also talked about the means — economic and personnel that the order relies on in order to carry out its charitable work — and the importance of these aligning with the group’s mission.

“To achieve a good goal the means must be good; but in this field temptation can easily present itself under the guise of good, as an illusion of being able to achieve the good goals that one sets out with means that could later prove not to be in accordance with the will of God,” he said.

The order’s international importance and position as a sovereign body, Leo continued, must never be a pretext for succumbing to temptations to worldliness.

The Order of Malta’s overhaul was also marked by years of changing leadership, beginning with the dismissal of Grand Chancellor Albrecht Freiherr von Boeselager in December 2017.

The grand chancellor’s dismissal followed revelations that the order’s charitable branch, under Boeselager’s leadership, had been involved in distributing condoms in Burma to prevent HIV. The order said the reasons for Boeselager’s dismissal was “much more complex than just the point on contraception,” and one factor was the concealment of “severe problems” within the order during his tenure.

The grand chancellor is one of four high offices — grand commander, grand chancellor, grand hospitaller, and receiver of the common treasure. These positions, which hold five-year terms, make up part of the government of the order, together with councilors of the Sovereign Council, and the grand master, who is elected for 10 years.

Much of the leadership was renewed during elections held in an extraordinary chapter general convened by Pope Francis in January 2023.

Dunlap, a Canadian lawyer who was elected prince and 81st grand master of the Order of Malta in May 2023, had led the order as lieutenant grand master since the year prior when he was appointed by Pope Francis following the sudden death of his predecessor, Fra’ Marco Luzzago.

The Order of Malta had not had a grand master since the death in 2020 of Fra’ Giacomo dalla Torre del Tempio di Sanguinetto.

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This article was originally published on Catholic News Agency.